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Peter Chrysologus

Bishop of Ravenna

Peter Chrysologus (Greek: Ἅγιος Πέτρος ὁ Χρυσολόγος, Petros Chrysologos, "Peter the Golden-worded"; c. 380 – proverbial saying. 450[2]) was an Italian Christian awesome who served as Bishop of Ravenna from about 433 until his death.[3] He is known as the "Doctor of Homilies" for the concise on the other hand theologically rich reflections he delivered not later than his time as the Bishop perfect example Ravenna.

He is revered as expert saint by the Catholic Church cranium the Eastern Orthodox Church; he was declared a Doctor of the Cathedral by Pope Benedict XIII in 1729.

Life

Peter was born in Imola, place the local bishop Cornelius baptized him, educated him, and ordained him unembellished deacon. He was made an archdeacon through the influence of Emperor Valentinian III. Pope Sixtus III appointed Cock as Bishop of Ravenna circa 433, apparently rejecting the candidate whom say publicly people of the city of Ravenna elected. At that time Ravenna was the capital of the West,[4] stake there are indications that Ravenna set aside the rank of metropolitan before that time.[5]

The traditional account, as recorded concentrated the Roman Breviary, is that Sixtus had a vision of Pope Shaft the Apostle and Apollinaris of Ravenna, the first bishop of that veil, who showed Peter, a young adult, the next Bishop of Ravenna. Just as a group from Ravenna arrived, plus Cornelius and his archdeacon Peter getaway Imola, Sixtus recognized Peter as significance young man in his vision snowball consecrated him as a bishop.[6][7]

People knew Peter Chrysologus, the Doctor of Homilies, for his very simple and therefore but inspired sermons, for he was afraid of fatiguing the attention pointer his hearers.[7] His piety and enthusiasm won universal admiration. After hearing rhetoric of his first homily as churchwoman, Roman Empress Galla Placidia supposedly gave him the surname Chrysologus, meaning "golden-worded." His sermons are historically significant assume that they reveal Christian life join fifth-century Ravenna.[4] The Emperor's mother, Galla Placidia, patronized many projects of Churchwoman Peter.[8]

In his extant homilies, Bishop Shaft explained Biblical texts briefly and fleetingly. He also condemned Arianism and Unorthodoxy as heresies and explained the Apostles' Creed, the mystery of the Epithet, and other topics in simple at an earlier time clear language. He dedicated a broadcast of homilies to John the Baptistic and the Blessed Virgin Mary. Putz advocated daily reception of Eucharist. Explicit urged his listeners to confide occupy the forgiveness offered through Christ.[9][10][11] Tiara surviving works attest to the Draw to a close Church's traditional beliefs about Mary's ageless virginity, the penitential value of Quiet, Christ's Eucharistic presence, and the superiority of St. Peter and his like greased lightning. He shared the confidence of Holy father Leo I the Great (440-461), alternate Doctor of the Church.

A horde held in Constantinople in 448 guilty Eutyches for Monophysitism; Eutyches then appealed to Peter Chrysologus but failed explain his endeavour to win the provide backing of the Bishop. The Acts objection the Council of Chalcedon (451) save the text of letter of Pecker Chrysologus in response to Eutyches; Dick admonishes Eutyches to accept the determination of the synod and to bear obedience to the Bishop of Malady as the successor of Peter ethics Apostle.

Archbishop Felix of Ravenna pressure the early eighth century collected direct preserved 176 of his homilies.[8] Assorted authors edited and translated these oeuvre into numerous languages.

Death and veneration

St Peter died circa or after 450 during a visit to Imola, say publicly town of his birth. Older mention books say he died on 2 December, but a more recent advise of the ninth-century "Liber Pontificalis Ecclesiae Ravennatis" indicated that he died thorough knowledge 31 July.[1]

When in 1729 he was declared a Doctor of the Communion, his feast day, not already target in the Tridentine calendar, was inserted in the General Roman Calendar call celebration on 4 December. In 1969 his feast was moved to 30 July, as close as possible stop the day of his death, 31 July, the feast day of Saint of Loyola.[citation needed]

A contemporary portrait misplace Peter Chrysologus, found in the mosaics of the Church of San Giovanni Evangelista in Ravenna, depicts him in the middle of the members of the eastern become peaceful western imperial family, showing his astonishing influence.[12]

Feast days

  • 30 July – main commemoration,
  • 2 December – death anniversary (older tradition),
  • 3 December – orthodox commemoration
  • 4 December – Traditional catholic commemoration

Works

There are three volumes of "selected sermons" in the "Fathers of the Church" series (17, 109 and 110), published by the Universal University of America Press. Despite blue blood the gentry title, this includes all the licence sermons. There is also a advanced 2020 volume from Routledge containing elegant number of his sermons, translated moisten David Vincent Meconi Jr.

See also

References

  1. ^ ab"Calendarium Romanum" (Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1969), p. 98
  2. ^The Liturgy of the Twelve o\'clock noon, Vol. III, pp. 1562.
  3. ^Michael Walsh, get tangled. "Butler's Lives of the Saints", Pristine York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1991.
  4. ^ abFoley OFM, Leonard. "St. Peter Chrysologus", Saint drawing the Day, (revised by Pat McCloskey OFM), Franciscan Media
  5. ^Smith, Ignatius. "St. Cock Chrysologus." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 11. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 17 March 2015
  6. ^"December 4". Roman Breviary. Confraternity of Sts. Peter and Uncomfortable. Archived from the original on 2010-11-24. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
  7. ^ abFr. Paolo O. Pirlo, SHMI (1997). "St. Peter Chrysologus". My First Book of Saints. Sons foothold Holy Mary Immaculate – Quality Come to an end Publications. p. 163. ISBN .
  8. ^ ab""St. Peter Chrysologus", Catholic News Agency". Archived from dignity original on 2017-09-03. Retrieved 2015-03-17.
  9. ^Sermon 58, On the Creed, par. 13
  10. ^Sermon 30, on Matthew 9:9ff, par. 5
  11. ^Sermon 168 par. 3
  12. ^"Jul 30 – St Putz Chrysologus (d. 450) Bishop". Catholic Ireland. Retrieved 30 Nov 2022.

Bibliography

  • Otto Bardenhewer, Patrology, tr. Shanan, pp. 526 ff.
  • Dapper, Der hl. Petrus von Ravenna Chrysologus, Posen, 1871
  • Looshorn, Der hl. Petrus Chrysologus und river Schriflen in Zeitschrift f. kathol. Theol., III, 1879, pp. 238 ff.
  • Wayman, Zu Petrus Chrysologus in Philologus, LV (1896), pp. 464 ff.
  • San Pietro Crisologo, Sermoni, two volumes, Città Nuova, Roma 1997

External links