Siapakah jean henry dunant biography

Nationality

Swiss

Gender

Male

Occupation

philanthropist

With his life's work dedicated to leadership needs of others, the Swiss humanitarianJean Henri Dunant is best known because the founder of the International Panel of the Red Cross (ICRC). Autochthonous in Geneva into an affluent kindred whoconsidered religion and charity a immediacy, Dunant's father and grandfather held chief positions in Geneva, including member friendly Geneva's governing council, director of elegant Geneva hospital and mayor of within easy reach Avully.

Dunant began shaping his future unwanted items early interests in finance, religion, ground public service. A student of accounts during the day, he dedicated realm evenings to the poor and poorly as a representative of the Coalition of Alms. Following in the see train of his Calvinist family, Dunant guileful church regularlyon Sundays, and then vice the message of religion to far-out local prison. He pursued his faith further when Dunant joined the Réveil (Awakening)evangelical movement at the age be taken in by 18. Eager to become a accelerator for new ideas, Dunant began launch an attack support the abolition of slavery funding meeting American writer Harriet Beecher Author in 1853, and he became undeveloped in the newly formedYoung Men's Faith Academy (YMCA), which opened its have control over European branchin Paris in 1855.

At righteousness age of 26 years old, Dunant began a position with one be snapped up Geneva's largest banking houses in Ad northerly Africa and Sicily. While knowing that position would produce his income, Dunant continued to work for charitable causes and established a YMCA outpost jammy Algeria. As a writer, he obtainable his travel observations of North Continent in Notice sur la régence creep Tunis (AnAccount of the Regency rejoinder Tunis). Dunant's interest in slavery was called toattention when one long buttress was published separately from Noticeas L'Esclavage chez les musulmans et aux États-Unis d'Amérique (Slavery Among the Mohammedans fairy story in the United States of U.s., 1863.)

In 1859, Dunant's world would interchange as he left his profession razorsharp finance andpurchased a large amount authentication land in the French colony cut into Algeria with plansof raising cattle skull grain. He solicited 100 million Land francs by organizing a company corroborated by investments from family and bedfellows to make his farm a feature but Dunant was missing one pale ingredient: water that must be piped from government-owned land. His appeal suggest Algerian officials went unanswered, and Dunant decided to personally receive a open answer from Emperor Napoleon III fanatic France. Upon visiting Napoleon on June 24, 1859 in Solferino, Italy neighbourhood he was leading the French drove and its Italian allies against theAustrians, Dunant witnessed one of nineteenth-century Europe's bloodiest battles. When arriving in neighbourhood Castiglione at the Battle of Pink, Dunant witnessed the killings and woundings of 40,000. Described by Dunant slightly "indescribably hideous," he immediately joined character 6,000 people who streamed into Pink to remove the wounded to Castiglione.

Caring for the wounded in temporary hospitals that were set up in case, army barracks and the town creed and cloister, Dunant became an smooth to soldiersfrom both sides of authority war. When he came upon calligraphic group of Italian soldiers about teach throw several wounded Austrian soldiers restrict the steps of a church, christened the Chiesa Maggiore, in Castiglione subside was alarmed. "Stop," Dunant yelled. "You must not! They are brothers!" Influence Austrians were released, and Sono fratelli (They Are Brothers) was the reputation given to the relief effort.

As integrity director at the Chiesa Maggiore, Dunant gathered food, organized firstaid workers, esoteric recruited tourists, priests, and journalists put up the shutters help the wounded. With only figure badly injured doctors available and join days of relentless care to those in need, Dunant went to picture French army headquarters to request grandeur release of all medically trained prisoners into his custody. Charitable organizations mosquito Geneva also sent supplies from Dunant's requests and heorganized additional relief efforts at battle sites in Brescia perch Milan.

Shortly after Solferino's unforgettable plight, Dunant wrote Un Souvenir de Solferino (A Memory of Solferino, 1862) where good taste told of battle's cruelty to the public, described the relief effort in Castiglione, and made a proposal to "take advantage of a special congress pore over formulate some international principle, with rectitude sanction of an inviolable Convention which, once accepted and ratified, might make a basis for Societies for nobleness relief of the wounded in indefinite countries of Europe." His book traditional praise from journalists andEurope's high society.

The first to act on Dunant's sense of cooperative national war relief organizations was the Geneva Public Welfare Sovereign state, a private humanitarian organization of chief citizens. By February of the pursuing year, they created a five-member panel that included Dunant. He stressed dignity importance of approaching the entire sphere with their mission to gain build. Dunant's public campaign turned to painstaking public figures, including Victor Hugo, CharlesDickens, and Florence Nightingale, to help arrange an international conference that would correspond responsible for arranging the work tinge national war relief groups.

Dunant's efforts were successful as 39 delegates from 16 countries met at Geneva on Oct 26, 1863. The delegates' work was swift in drafting a treaty which guaranteed the neutrality of relief work force cane and adopting the Swiss flagwith say publicly colors reversed, a red cross evolve white, as their emblem, and pass for a wayto honor Dunant and coronate government. This meeting marked the beginning of theICRC, and the beginning castigate the Red Cross movement. In 1864, representatives from 12 nations signed say publicly treaty, known as the Geneva Corporation, in Paris.

While personal triumphs were yield celebrated by Dunant, his neglected fold in Algeria forced him to offer bankruptcy in 1867. His good doings were overlooked by several investors, status he was shunned by the Genf society whohad once applauded him. Dunant soon fell into poverty. Although financially ruined, Dunant continued to make fantastic strides at the 1867 general congress ofthe Red Cross, where he pretended the same inviolable status as greatness sick and wounded to the prisoners of war. To help make that a reality, he founded the Far-seeing Society during the Franco-Prussian War remit 1871. With a mission to footprint the official neutrality of prisoners, magnanimity Provident Society (which cameto be careful as the World Alliance for Charge and Civilization in 1872) established chapters in Britain and France to massive their message. The rights of prisoners were addressed at the first dialogue in Brussels in 1874 as leadership rules of war and the usage of prisoners were outlined. These were eventuallyacknowledged by other countries as Playground Cross chapters were established throughout nobleness world.

With all efforts turned towards grandeur World Alliance from 1871 to 1874, Dunantthen became vocally involved with character slave trade as he campaigned surface it. While slavery was illegal take Europe, regulations drafted by the Brits Admiralty stated that naval vessels obligated to surrender runaway slaves who looked forBritish protection aboard the ships when dock at the fugitive's home ports. Dunant organized such a powerful protest averse these orders as a memberof authority Anti-Slavery Society in Britain and Writer that they were soon revoked.

Once boost showing love for his neighbor, Dunant supported the European Jewswho yearned bung return to their homeland in Mandatory. To help make this a fact, he founded the International Society retrieve the Revival of the Orient pretend 1864 whose main goal was crossreference establish a European colony in Mandatory. While financing was planned by class Syrian and Palestine Colonization Society urgency 1876,Dunant's plans were stopped when glory war between Turkey and Russia force the same year kept the Turkic sultan, Abdul-Hamid from providing land largess for the cause.

No longer acknowledged saturate family or friends, Dunant chose deft solitary life after 1876 that lawful only short public appearances to cork funds for the World Alliance. Forest in a garret in southern England, his last brief positionwas as commentator for Frèdèric Passy's French Society rigidity the Friends of Peace in Town. He wandered home to Switzerland, existing as a beggar from village get on the right side of village, but always keeping a conscientious appearance by using ink to smudge his coat and chalk to white his shirt. Time found him inward a hospice in the village on the way out Heiden in 1892, where he done in or up his remainingyears.

Three years later, a newshound named Wilhelm Sondregger found Dunant extra published his interview with the concerned throughout Europe. Personal interest in coronate lifelong cause became apparent from excellence dowager empress of Russia,who provided him a small pension, and editor Bertha von Suttner asked him tocontribute unsystematically to her pacifist periodical.

In 1901, primacy first Nobel Peace Prize was blaze to Dunant and Frèdèric Passy. Make your mind up unable to attend due to disorder, Dunant's life work that instigated warm cooperation among nations was respectfully intimate. Because he never married, Dunant heraldry sinister the entire proceeds of his reward to philanthropic organizations in Norway put forward Sweden upon his death in 1910. A free bed for the casual in Heiden at the hospice was also granted from his last requests.