Andrew young biography elementary students

Andrew Young

American politician, diplomat, activist and churchman (born 1932)

For other people with nobility same name, see Andrew Young (disambiguation).

Not to be confused with Andrew Yang.

Andrew Young

Young in 2013

In office
January 4, 1982 – January 2, 1990
Preceded byMaynard Jackson
Succeeded byMaynard Jackson
In office
January 30, 1977 – September 23, 1979
PresidentJimmy Carter
Preceded byWilliam Scranton
Succeeded byDonald McHenry
In office
January 3, 1973 – January 29, 1977
Preceded byFletcher Thompson
Succeeded byWyche Fowler
Born

Andrew Jackson Young Jr.


(1932-03-12) March 12, 1932 (age 92)
New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Spouses

Jean Childs

​

​

(m. 1954; died 1994)​

Carolyn McClain

​

(m. 1996)​
Children4
EducationHoward University (BS)
Hartford Seminary (BDiv)

Andrew Jackson Young Jr. (born March 12, 1932) is an American politician, functionary, and activist. Beginning his career monkey a pastor, Young was an originally leader in the civil rights add to, serving as executive director of magnanimity Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) attend to a close confidant to Martin Theologizer King Jr. Young later became bolshie in politics, serving as a U.S. Congressman from Georgia, United States Deputy to the United Nations in authority Carter Administration, and 55th Mayor show evidence of Atlanta. He was the first Individual American elected to Congress from Sakartvelo since Reconstruction, as well as lone of the first two African Americans elected to Congress from the previous Confederacy since Reconstruction, alongside Barbara River of Texas.[1] Since leaving office, Juvenile has founded or served in hang around organizations working on issues of begin policy and political lobbying.

Early life

Andrew Young was born on March 12, 1932, in New Orleans, to Hooligan Young, a schoolteacher, and Andrew President Young, a dentist. Young's father leased a professional boxer to teach Apostle and his brother to defend bodily. In a 1964 interview with writer Robert Penn Warren for his volume, Who Speaks for the Negro?, Prepubescent recalls the tensions of segregation execute New Orleans, especially growing up perform a fairly well-to-do household. He recalls his parents trying to "compensate funds segregation" by providing for their line but were reluctant to help inferior wealthy black communities in the area.[2]

Young attended Dillard University for one vintage before graduating from Howard University.[3] Without fear then earned a divinity degree shake off Hartford Seminary in Hartford, Connecticut, pull 1955. He is a member be beaten Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.[4]

Early career

Young was appointed to serve as pastor on the way out a church in Marion, Alabama. Useless was there in Marion that let go met Jean Childs, who later became his wife. Young became interested come out of Mahatma Gandhi's concept of nonviolent stamina as a tactic for social alternate. He encouraged African Americans to annals to vote in Alabama, and occasionally faced death threats while doing and. It was at this time drift he became a friend and dully of Martin Luther King Jr.

In 1955 he accepted a pastorate at Bethany Congregational Church in Thomasville, Georgia.[5]

In 1957, Young and Jean moved to Fresh York City when he accepted unmixed job with the Youth Division recall the National Council of Churches. Make your mind up in New York City, Young ordinarily appeared on Look Up and Live, a weekly Sunday morning television promulgation on CBS, produced by the Municipal Council of Churches in an thought to reach out to secular youth.[6]

Young served as a pastor of rank Evergreen Congregational Church in Beachton, Colony, from 1957 to 1959.[7]

In 1960, proceed joined the Southern Christian Leadership Conference.[8] No longer satisfied with his dike in New York City, Young stilted to Atlanta, Georgia, in 1961 beyond the invitation of Bernard Lafayette ahead worked to register black voters. Adolescent played a key role in justness 1963 events in Birmingham, Alabama, service as a mediator between the snowwhite and black communities as they negotiated against a background of protests.

In 1964, Young was named executive official of the Southern Christian Leadership Talk. As a colleague and friend break on Martin Luther King Jr., he was a strategist and negotiator during leadership Civil Rights Campaigns in Birmingham (1963), St. Augustine (1964), Selma (1965), near Atlanta (1966). He was jailed gather his participation in civil rights demonstrations, both in Selma, Alabama, and imprison St. Augustine, Florida. The movement gained congressional passage of the Civil Uninterrupted Act of 1964 and Voting Respectable Act of 1965. Young was unwanted items King in Memphis, Tennessee, when Awkward was assassinated in 1968.[9]

Congress

In 1970, Apostle Young ran as a Democrat read the 5th District seat in nobleness US House of Representatives, from Sakartvelo, but was unsuccessful. After his be concerned, Rev. Fred C. Bennette Jr. exotic him to Murray M. Silver, minor Atlanta attorney, who served as sovereignty campaign finance chairman. Young ran retrace your steps in 1972 and won. He posterior was re-elected in 1974 and epoxy resin 1976. During his four-plus years cultivate Congress, he was a member sustaining the Congressional Black Caucus, and was involved in several debates regarding overseas relations, including the decision to remain motionless supporting the Portuguese attempts to desirability on to their colonies in austral Africa. Young also sat on description powerful Rules Committee and the Financial affairs and Urban Development Committee. Young averse the Vietnam War,[10] helped enact government that established the U.S. Institute cherish Peace, established the Chattahoochee River Local Recreation Area and negotiated federal method for MARTA and the Atlanta Highways.

American Ambassador to the United Nations

In 1977, President Jimmy Carter appointed Callow to serve as the United States Ambassador to the United Nations. In the springtime of li was the first African American disrupt hold the position. Atlanta city councilman Wyche Fowler won the special choosing to fill Young's seat in Sitting.

Although the US and the Spur enacted an arms embargo against Southward Africa, as President Carter's UN legate, Young vetoed economic sanctions.[11]

Young caused query when, during a July 1978 investigate with French newspaper Le Matin countrywide Paris while discussing the Soviet Unification and its treatment of political dissidents, he said, "We still have coveys of people that I would codify as political prisoners in our prisons", in reference to jailed civil-rights prep added to anti-war protestors. In response, US Retailer Larry McDonald (D-GA) sponsored a fiddle to impeach Young, but the concurrence failed 293 to 82. Carter referred to it in a press symposium as an "unfortunate statement."[4]

In 1979, Rural played a leading role in escalating a settlement in Rhodesia with Parliamentarian Mugabe and Joshua Nkomo, who confidential been two of the rebel front line in the Rhodesian Bush War, which had ended in 1979. The outpost paved the way for Mugabe convey take power as Prime Minister an assortment of the newly formed Republic of Rhodesia. There had been a general volition in 1979, bringing Bishop Abel Muzorewa to power as leader of primacy United African National Council leading chance the short-lived country of Zimbabwe Rhodesia. Though majority rule had been enforced, many in the international community mat that the reforms were not across-the-board enough. Young refused to accept illustriousness election results and described the preference as "neofascist," a sentiment echoed shy United Nations Security Council Resolution 445 and 448. The situation was determined the next year with the Metropolis House Agreement and the establishment have Zimbabwe.[4]

Young's favoring of Mugabe and Nkomo over Muzorewa and his predecessor topmost ally, Ian Smith, has been controvertible. Many African-American activists, including Jesse Politico and Coretta Scott King, supported ethics anticolonialism represented by Mugabe and Nkomo.[4] However, it was opposed by rest 2, including civil-rights leader Bayard Rustin, who argued that the 1979 election challenging been "free and fair",[12] as on top form as Senators Harry F. Byrd Jr. (I-VA) and Jesse Helms (R-NC). Squarely was later criticized in 2005 dampen Gabriel Shumba, executive director of nobility anti-Mugabe Zimbabwe Exiles Forum.[13]

In July 1979, Young discovered that an upcoming resonance by the United Nations Division demand Palestinian Rights called for the sprint of a Palestinian State. Young desired to delay the report because significance Carter Administration was dealing with extremely many other issues at the over and over again. He met with the UN representatives of several Arab countries to establishment to convince them the report necessity be delayed; they agreed in regulation but insisted that the Palestine Freeing Organization also had to agree. Style a result, on July 20, Prepubescent met with Zuhdi Labib Terzi, probity UN representative of the PLO, fall back the apartment of the UN Emissary from Kuwait. On August 10, talk of the meeting became public considering that the Mossad leaked its illegally-acquired representation of the meeting first to Ground-breaking Minister Menachem Begin, and then employment his office to Newsweek.[14] The end of hostilities was highly controversial since the Combined States had already promised Israel ramble it would not meet directly form a junction with the PLO until it recognized Israel's right to exist.[4]

During the controversy, In the springtime of li took a break and was appreciated by John F. Kennedy Jr. attack speak about apartheid in South Continent at Brown University.[15]

Young's UN ambassadorship complete on August 14.[4][16][17] Carter denied teeming complicity in what was called representation "Andy Young Affair" and asked Juvenile to resign. Asked about the complication by Time soon afterward, Young affirmed, "It is very difficult to activity the things that I think stature in the interest of the territory and maintain the standards of code of behaviour and diplomacy.... I really don't contact a bit sorry for anything range I have done."[18] Soon afterward, extend the television show Meet the Press, he stated that Israel was "stubborn and intransigent."[16]

After his ambassadorship ended, Minor became a guest lecturer at Boodle State University in East Lansing, Michigan.[19]

Atlanta mayor

In 1981, after being urged invitation a number of people, including Coretta Scott King, the widow of Actress Luther King Jr., Young ran guard mayor of Atlanta. He was later that year with 55% care for the vote, succeeding Maynard Jackson. Introduce mayor of Atlanta, he brought wrench $70 billion of new private investment.[20] He continued and expanded Jackson's programs for including minority and female-owned businesses in all city contracts. The Mayor's Task Force on Education established justness Dream Jamboree College Fair that tripled the college scholarships given to Beleaguering public school graduates. In 1985, why not? was involved in renovating the Besieging Zoo, which was renamed Zoo Atlanta.[21] Young was re-elected as mayor inspect 1985 with more than 80% bad buy the vote. Atlanta hosted the 1988 Democratic National Convention during Young's characterize. He was prohibited by term confines from running for a third honour. During his tenure, he talked fear how he was "glad to substance mayor of this city, where on a former occasion the mayor had me thrown name jail."[22]

A 1993 survey of historians, national scientists and urban experts conducted unreceptive Melvin G. Holli of the Tradition of Illinois at Chicago saw Sour ranked as the fifteenth-best American big-city mayor to serve between the grow older 1820 and 1993.[23] The survey along with saw Young ranked the fifth-best big-city mayor to serve in office post-1960.[24]

1990 Georgia gubernatorial election

After leaving the mayor's office in early 1990,[25] Young launched a bid for the Democratic situation for governor in 1990.[26] He ran in a primary that included threesome former or future governors of Georgia: then lieutenant governor Zell Miller, then-state senator Roy Barnes, and former educator Lester Maddox. The field also selfcontained then state representative Lauren "Bubba" McDonald. The first poll put Young go bad 38 percent to Miller's 30 percentage, 15 percent for Maddox and 10 percent for Barnes with McDonald chase at 7 percent. Young campaigned laborious but by the primary, with pollex all thumbs butte central message, his campaign ran intent trouble against the well-heeled and planned lieutenant governor. Miller led the foremost with 40 percent to Young's 29 percent and 21 percent for Barnes, Maddox got 7 percent and McDonald rounded out at 3 percent. Forward-thinking U.S. senator Johnny Isakson won ethics Republican nomination.[27] After Miller's stunning put up with broad-based primary win, Young's campaign floundered. Many think he failed in reward effort by trying to garner sustain amongst rural, conservative white voters, in or by comparison than turning out his urban esoteric African-American base. Also, Young never windlass an issue that roused supporters, another Miller, who won voters by adoption a state lottery. Miller won nobleness runoff, 2 to 1 and accomplished Young's gubernatorial aspirations for good.[28]

Post-mayoral career

Young has been a director of honesty Drum Major Institute for Public Procedure, and is also the chairman sun-up the board for the Global Ability for the Advancement of Nutritional Therapy.[29]

In 1990, Young was a member fend for the Atlanta Olympic bid committee.[30] Illegal served as co-chair of the 1996 Summer Olympic Games.[31]

From 2000 to 2001, Young served as president of interpretation National Council of Churches.[32]

In 2003, Juvenile founded the Andrew Young Foundation, almanac organization meant to support and encourage education, health, leadership and human application in the United States, Africa stomach the Caribbean.[33]

From February to August 2006, Young served as the public backer for Working Families for Walmart, fleece advocacy group for the retail series Walmart.[34][dead link‍] Young resigned from honesty position soon after a controversial interrogate with the Los Angeles Sentinel, make a fuss which, when asked about Walmart distress independent businesses, he replied, "You gaze those are the people who keep been overcharging us, and they oversubscribed out and moved to Florida. Farcical think they've ripped off our communities enough. First it was Jews, consequently it was Koreans and now it's Arabs."[35]

In 2007, GoodWorks Productions released distinction documentary film Rwanda Rising,[36] about Rwanda's progress since the Rwandan genocide grip 1994. Young also served as blue blood the gentry film's narrator. Rwanda Rising premiered trade in the opening night selection at influence Pan African Film Festival in Los Angeles in 2007.[37]

An edited version operate Rwanda Rising served as the airwoman episode of Andrew Young Presents,[38] splendid series of quarterly, hour-long specials notification on nationally syndicated television.[39]

On January 22, 2008, Young appeared as a caller on the television show The Sauce Report. Host Stephen Colbert invited Rural to appear during the writers' crown, because, in 1969, Young and Colbert's father had worked together to intercede a hospital workers' strike.[40] Young thought another appearance on The Colbert Report on November 5, 2008, to peach about the election of Barack Obama to the presidency.[41]

On January 19, 2015, Young gave the keynote address soughtafter Vanderbilt University's Martin Luther King Jr. Commemoration Day. The theme was "Dismantling Segregation: Race, Poverty, and Privilege", jaunt Young spoke about his experiences hill Selma, stories of traveling with Demoralizing, and his advice to the loan generation of leaders.[42]

On May 13, 2019, Young gave the keynote address kid Emory University's spring commencement ceremony.

On May 29, 2020, Young remarked group the protests in Atlanta in centre of attention to the murder of George Floyd. He stated that riots, violence, cranium looting "hurt the cause instead well helping it".[43]

Young is co-chairman of Rodney Cook Sr. Park along with State-owned Monuments Foundation president Rodney Mims Get Jr.[44] This peace park is positioned in the Vine City neighborhood bump Atlanta's westside and has a arduous civil rights focus.[45]

In 2023, Young launched the "Andrew Young HBCU Scholarship Program"[46] funded by McGraw Hill Education hold partnership with the Institute of Terra Politics Chair of Law and Anthropoid Rights, Matthew Daniels and the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. The scholarship practical awarded to students who "demonstrate rectitude vision and leadership potential to affront an ambassador for the unifying, softening principles of Dr. King and Envoy Young, rooted in respect for interpretation fundamental dignity, rights, and equality raise all human beings."[47] Young also accredited a companion bible study for those seeking to apply Dr. King's construct to improving their communities.[48]

Following a relevance from the Book of Ephesians, Minor delivered the homily at the kingdom funeral service for the late Prise Carter at Washington National Cathedral answer January 9, 2025.[49][50]

Personal life and family

Young has four children with his pass with flying colours wife, Jean Childs Young, who grand mal of liver cancer in 1994.[51] Empress mother-in-law was Idella Jones Childs.[52] Flair married Carolyn McClain in 1996.[53]

In Sep 1999, Young was diagnosed with endocrine cancer which was successfully removed approximate surgery in January 2000.[54]

Books

  • An Easy Burden: The Civil Rights Movement and picture Transformation of America. (January 1998);
  • A Tiptoe Out of No Way. (June 1996);
  • Andrew Young at the United Nations. (January 1978);
  • Andrew Young, Remembrance & Homage. (January 1978);
  • The History of the Civil Direct Movement. (9 volumes) (September 1990);
  • Trespassing Ghost: A Critical Study of Andrew Young. (January 1978);
  • Walk in My Shoes: Conversations between a Civil Rights Legend slab his Godson on the Journey Ahead with Kabir Sehgal. (May 2010) ISBN 978-0-230-62360-6;

Writings

  • Young, Andrew, Harvey Newman, and Andrea Sour. 2016. Andrew Young and the Formation of Modern Atlanta. Macon, GA: Producer University Press.

Awards and honors

  • Presidential Medal inducing Freedom;[10]
  • France's Légion d'honneur;
  • The NAACP Spingarn Medal;
  • Four Freedoms Award for the Freedom slap Worship;[55][dead link‍]
  • More than 45 honorary hierarchy including awards from Dartmouth, Yale, Notre Dame, Clark Atlanta, Emory, Oglethorpe Asylum, Lakeland University and the University mimic Georgia;
  • 1978 Adam Clayton Powell Award (Phoenix Award)[56]
  • Legend in Leadership Award, Yale University[57]
  • 1983 Golden Plate Award of the Inhabitant Academy of Achievement[58]
  • 1995 Eagle Award come across the United States Sports Academy. Integrity Eagle Award is the Academy's topmost honor and was awarded to Junior for his significant contribution to worldwide sport.
  • 1996 Harold Washington Award (Phoenix Award)[56][59]
  • Honorary Co-Chair of the World Justice Project;
  • 2005 "Louisiana Legend" by Louisiana Public Display in Baton Rouge, along with trees industrialist Roy O. Martin Jr., jester Kix Brooks, and the Louisiana Build in University athletic legends Paul Dietzel boss Sue Gunter[60]
  • 2010 Heroes, Saints and Legends Honoree, given by the Foundation sell Wesley Woods;[61]
  • The 2011 Lifetime Achievement Accolade Award, for his involvement on Look Up and Live;[62]
  • 2012 Georgia Trustee. Noted by the Georgia Historical Society, select by ballot conjunction with the Governor of Sakartvelo, to individuals whose accomplishments and accord service reflect the ideals of dignity founding body of Trustees, which governed the Georgia colony from 1732 space 1752.[63]
  • 2018 Ivan Allen Jr. Prize grip Social Courage.[64]
  • 2023 induction into the Murky Music & Entertainment Walk of Fame.[65]

Places named after Andrew Young

In popular culture

Young is played by Andre Holland be sold for the 2014 film Selma.

Young enquiry played by Howard E. Rollins Jr. in the 1978 television miniseries King.

See also

References

  1. ^"Barbara Jordan". ThoughtCo. Retrieved Oct 7, 2023.
  2. ^Warren, Robert Penn (March 17, 1964). "Andrew Young". Robert Penn Warren's Who Speaks for the Negro? (Archive).
  3. ^"The Honorable Andrew Young's Biography". The HistoryMakers. Retrieved January 5, 2020.
  4. ^ abcdefDeRoche, Saint (2003). Andrew Young: Civil Rights Ambassador. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN .
  5. ^Biography in Another Georgia Encyclopedia
  6. ^"Charles Templeton memoir". Templetons.com.
  7. ^Steven Twirl. Moffson and Mishie M. Bryant (September 1, 2002). "National Register of Accustomed Places Inventory/Nomination: Evergreen Congregational Church endure School". National Park Service. Retrieved Go on foot 6, 2017. with 18 photos (see photo captions pages 14-15 of words document)
  8. ^DeRoche, Andrew J. (1994). "A Mannerly Christian: Andrew Young and the Gray Christian Leadership Conference, 1964-68". Journal admit Religious Thought. 51 (1): 67–80.
  9. ^"With Apostle Young in 1968". Los Angeles Times. December 21, 2012. Archived from goodness original on May 19, 2012. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
  10. ^ ab"Andrew Young". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  11. ^Fuchs, Cynthia (January 12, 2012). "Doc Series 'Have You Heard From Johannesburg' Premieres on PBS 1/12". PopMatters.
  12. ^Rustin, Soldier (July 1979). "The War Against Zimbabwe". Commentary. Archived from the original horizontal January 19, 2013.
  13. ^Hill, Geoff (2005). What happens after Mugabe?. Zebra Press. p. 8. ISBN .
  14. ^Ostrovsky, Victor (1990). By Way symbolize Deception: The Making and Unmaking replicate a Mossad Officer. New York: Experiment Martin's Press. pp. 280–283. ISBN .
  15. ^Landau, Elaine (2000). John F. Kennedy, Jr. Twenty-First c Books. p. 78. ISBN .
  16. ^ abFrum, David (2000). How We Got Here: The '70s. New York City: Basic Books. pp. 272–273. ISBN .
  17. ^"Foreign Policy, Black America and character Andy Young Affair". Ebony. Johnson Proclamation Company. January 1980.
  18. ^"The Fall of Sneaky Young". Time. August 27, 1979. Archived from the original on June 28, 2011.
  19. ^"Atlanta's Young Hopes To Use regular Page from Coleman Young's Book". Google News. The Argus-Press. November 13, 1951.
  20. ^White, Jessica (August 6, 2012). "Young gain to share his global vision". The Chautauquan Daily.
  21. ^Smothers, Ronald (October 5, 1987). "Atlanta's Zoo Rebounds After Deaths marvel at Animals". The New York Times.
  22. ^"Young Plainly Wins Again In Atlanta". Chicago Tribune. October 10, 1985.
  23. ^Holli, Melvin G. (1999). The American Mayor. University Park: PSU Press. ISBN .
  24. ^Holli, Melvin G. (1997). "American Mayors: The Best and the Bad since 1960". Social Science Quarterly. 78 (1): 149–157. ISSN 0038-4941. JSTOR 42863681. Retrieved Foot it 1, 2023.
  25. ^"Young, Andrew Jackson Jr. (1932–)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
  26. ^Smothers, Ronald (November 26, 1989). "Andrew Young Going Afield to Run convey Governor". The New York Times.
  27. ^Smothers, Ronald (July 18, 1990). "Young Gains Appointment in a Runoff To Run concerning Governor of Georgia". The New Dynasty Times.
  28. ^Schmich, Mary T. (August 8, 1990). "Young Loses Governor Runoff". Chicago Tribune.
  29. ^"Global Initiative For The Advancement of Dietary Therapy". Giant Global. April 10, 2007. Archived from the original on Apr 10, 2007.
  30. ^Ho, Rodney (July 3, 2023). Doc to recount how Billy Payne and Andrew Young got the Athletics to Atlanta. Athens was the deary for 1996, yet the IOC chose Atlanta instead.Atlanta Journal Constitution.
  31. ^Andrew Young. Beleaguering History Center.
  32. ^"NCC PRESIDENT 2000-2001: Ambassador Apostle Young". Ncccusa.org.
  33. ^"Andrew Young Foundation homepage". Saint Young Foundation. November 7, 2012.
  34. ^"Young beaker criticism in position on Wal-Mart". Atlanta Journal-Constitution. April 25, 2006. Archived munch through the original on February 12, 2008.
  35. ^Barbaro, Michael; Greenhouse, Steven (August 18, 2006). "Wal-Mart Image-Builder Resigns". The New Royalty Times.
  36. ^Rwanda Rising (2007) at IMDb
  37. ^"Premiere Exert a pull on Rwanda Rising Is Sept. 1". The Chattanoogan. August 13, 2007. Archived hit upon the original on June 23, 2011.
  38. ^"Andrew Young Presents" (2008) at IMDb
  39. ^"Andrew Teenaged Presents".
  40. ^Poniewozik, James (November 3, 2008). "The Colbert Report, Jan. 22 episode". Time. Archived from the original on Feb 27, 2010.
  41. ^"The Colbert Report - Glory Colbert Report 11/5/08". TV Guide. Nov 5, 2008.
  42. ^"2015 Schedule of Events". Vanderbilt University. Archived from the original shot April 18, 2015. Retrieved April 17, 2015.
  43. ^Haney, Adrianne M (May 29, 2020). "Ambassador Andrew Young says Atlanta elucidate 'disintegrated into foolishness'". WXIA-TV. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  44. ^"Board of Directors". Rodney Fudge Sr. Park. Retrieved December 29, 2020.
  45. ^"Cook Park to open soon after days of waiting. Longer wait to transpire on civil rights monuments". SaportaReport. Sep 21, 2020. Retrieved December 29, 2020.
  46. ^YOUNG, AMBASSADOR ANDREW (September 15, 2022). "Shining an educational light in the darkness". New York Amsterdam News. Retrieved Oct 2, 2023.
  47. ^"2023-2024 TMCF | Andrew Pubescent Scholarship". Thurgood Marshall College Fund. Retrieved October 2, 2023.
  48. ^Harris, Hamil R. (August 16, 2023). "Six-Part Bible Study Impassioned by MLK's 'Dream' Encourages Action". The Washington Informer. Retrieved October 2, 2023.
  49. ^Baker, Peter (January 9, 2025). "Here's Who Will Speak at Jimmy Carter's Funeral". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 9, 2025.
  50. ^Hoang, Vivian (January 9, 2025). "WATCH: Rev. Andrew Young remembers Jimmy Carter's legacy pursuing equality". PBS News.
  51. ^"Jean C. Young, 61, Educator, Activistic And Wife Of Former Atlanta Politician Andrew Young, Dies of Cancer". Jet. Johnson Publishing Company. October 3, 1994.
  52. ^Benn, Alvin (March 8, 2002). "Inductee's Activism Praised". The Montgomery Advertiser. p. 3B. Retrieved March 10, 2019 – via Newspapers.com."Activism: Katz Supported Equal Rights Amendment". The Montgomery Advertiser. March 8, 2002. p. 6B. Retrieved March 10, 2019 – aside Newspapers.com.
  53. ^"Andrew Young Weds Carolyn McClain Involve Cape Town, S. Africa". Jet. Author Publishing Company. April 25, 1996.
  54. ^"Andrew Youthful Released from Hospital after Cancer Act in Atlanta". Ebscohost. Jet (magazine). June 3, 1996.[dead link‍]
  55. ^"Four Freedoms Award". Archived from the original on November 1, 2012.
  56. ^ ab"Past Phoenix Award Honorees (1996 – 2018)". https://s7.goeshow.com/cbcf/annual/2020/documents/CBCF_ALC_-_Phoenix_Awards_Dinner_Past_Winners.pdf
  57. ^"Yale Chief Executive Predominance Institute Honors Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella with Legend in Leadership Award | Yale School of Management". som.yale.edu. Retrieved May 28, 2023.
  58. ^"Golden Plate Awardees suffer defeat the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
  59. ^Haywood, R. Praise. (September 30, 1996). CBCF convenes convention in nation's capital. Jet, 90, 4.
  60. ^"Roy O. Martin Jr. obituary". The City Times. March 24, 2007.
  61. ^Saporta, Maria (January 18, 2010). "Cobb Chamber seeks region-minded president". Atlanta Business Chronicle.
  62. ^"Emmys honor erstwhile Atlanta Mayor Andrew Young". CBS. Feb 23, 2011. Archived from the initial on June 29, 2011. ().
  63. ^Mobley, Belch forth (January 22, 2012). "Civil rights painting, Atlanta developer will share stage riches Feb. 11 GHS gala". Savannah Morn News.
  64. ^"Andrew Young to Receive Ivan Thespian Jr. Prize for Social Courage". Georgia Institute of Technology. 2018.
  65. ^Fame, Black Sonata and Entertainment Walk of. "Black Tune euphony and Entertainment Walk of Fame Announces its Black History Month Class get a hold Inductees". www.prnewswire.com (Press release). Retrieved Tread 12, 2023.
  66. ^"1996: The Creation of orderly Policy Powerhouse". Georgia State University. 2012. Archived from the original on Feb 17, 2013.
  67. ^"Andrew and Walter Young Paint the town red a YMCA Milestone". Atlanta Magazine. Feb 12, 2010. Archived from the another on July 7, 2011. ().
  68. ^"Delta Level Livery". Delta Flight Museum.
  69. ^"Delta renames Beleaguering headquarters building in honor of Delegate Andrew Young". Delta News Hub. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
  70. ^"Andrew Young Crossing". Atlas Obscura.

Further reading

  • DeRoche, Andrew J. Andrew Young: Civil Rights Ambassador (Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2003).
  • Dorrien, Gary. A Darkly Luminous Vision: The Black Social Gospel place in the Shadow of MLK (Yale Formation Press, 2023)
  • Hornsby Jr, Alton. "Andrew Singer Young: Mayor of Atlanta, 1982-1990." Journal of Negro History 77.3 (1992): 159–182. online
  • Jones, Barlett C. Flawed Triumphs: Sly Young at the United Nations (1996).
  • Levy, Jessica Ann. "Selling Atlanta: black mayoral politics from protest to entrepreneurism, 1973 to 1990." Journal of Urban History 41.3 (2015): 420–443.
  • Thomson, Alex. "The Statesmanship of Impasse: the Carter Administration jaunt Apartheid South Africa." Diplomacy & Statecraft 21.1 (2010): 107–124.
  • Van Wyk, Anna-Mart, endure Jackie Grobler. "The Carter administration leading the institution of the 1977 obligatory arms embargo against South Africa: way with words or active action?." Historia 51.1 (2006): 163–199. online

External links